Kilim Weaving
Kilim is a kind of wool carpet and cover without pile which is woven as double faced and jointed based on subjective designing. The raw material is usually sheep wool which after being spun and dyed is used as warp and woof. Of course in some weavings cotton thread is used for warp instead of woolen thread. In addition to sheep wool, wool of other domestic animals like camel and goat is used in Kilim weaving. Kilim weaving as one of the most primitive subjective carpets of nomads has a long antiquity. Since the time humans could manipulate nature by using their artistic talent and creativity. they learned techniques of using it and took steps forward for upgrading weaving.
The weaving of Kilim has been one of the first steps of using animal wool for meeting human needs Following it and with improvements in weaving methods and
looms, different kind of this weaving like Jajim, Ziloo, Somak and Verni were formed with major changes made not only in their design but also in raw materials and type of weaving. The common point of these flat weavings is that they have no pile.
The weaving of Kilim has been one of the first steps of using animal wool for meeting human needs Following it and with improvements in weaving methods and looms, different kind of this weaving like Jajim, Ziloo, Somak and Verni were formed with major changes made not only in their design but also in raw materials and type of weaving. The common point of these flat weavings is that they have no pile.
This caused all these weavings were named Kilim weaving publicly whereas in terms of technical point Kilim weaving exclusively includes weavings in which a technique based on one knot below one knot over is observed. Being double faced is among the advantages of this weaving so it can be used as curtain, wrapper for bedclothes, bed sheet, tablecloth and etc. in addition to using as carpet and surface covering. The apparatus of Kilim weaving is a simple wooden loom in which the warps are moved by a cylindrical wooden tool called Koji and the woofs are put on each other one below and one over. There are two types of Kilim weaving looms:
1- permanent loom
2- ground loom. The latter is horizontal and is usually used by nomadic tribes and the former is vertical which is usually used in villages and cities. Kilim weaving is performed in different methods like simple, jointed, rotary cords, extra woof and bent woof, woof-like and warp-like.
